Hachlili lists a score of different interpretations. But one thing led to another and before long I was catching up with Rachel Hachlili’s Ancient Synagogues - Archaeology and Art: New Discoveries and Current Research (2013). I was intending to post about Yaffa Englard’s explanation for these apparent anomalies simply because I found easy access to “Mosaics as Midrash: The Zodiacs of the Ancient Synagogues and the Conflict Between Judaism and Christianity” by Englard in a 2003 edition of Review of Rabbinic Judaism. Helios in the centre on his four horse chariot. We don’t expect to find the sun god Helios and images of the zodiac, complete with near naked human figures, in Jewish synagogues. So how should we understand these pagan mosaics in synagogues? The best (most completely) preserved are at Hammat Tiberias, Beth Alpha and Sepphoris.
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